Nonfiction

Nonfiction

What is the definition of //NONFICTION// ? True Events

Define: Essay- a short piece of writing on a subject Description- Presents a picture or impression Narration- relates a series of events Exposition- explains a subject Argument or persuasion- attempts to influence people’s ideas or actions

Informal essay- informal tone as if the author is speaking to you Formal essay- serious in tone and subject and more objective in point of view What are the //Guidelines For Close Reading?// pg. 239 1. To determine the purpose of the essay 2. To determine the tone (formal/informal) 3. How do you respond to the personality of the writer? 4. How do you respond to what the writer does with language 5. Determine the main idea in your own words List the four purposes for writing an essay. 1. Inform 2. explain 3. entertain 4. persuade

Define //STYLE// : doing something difficult as if it were easy

"COLD WEATHER"

by **E.B. White page 249**

Demonstrate the understanding of personification by identifying two examples from the text (include page number)

1. "we've had a solid cold that stalked in and took charge of the countryside as a brisk housewife might take charge of someone else's kitchen."

2. "purposeful cold unyielding and unremitting"

3. "iron seized you by the skin and held on"

1. In the first paragraph, how does White use language to reinforce his point that the cold is “unyielding and unremitting”? Give examples of the words he uses…

clean, hard, purposeful, cold, cylinders of ice, peaceloving

2. The first member of White’s club against the cold are his household, but the “fraternity” expands as the day progresses. What other members are described in his narrative?

old people, the mailman, the school kids, the bus driver, truck driver, Mrs. Dow

3. How does White demonstrate that the mailman and truck driver participate in a “general cheerfulness” despite the cold?

the little kids are excited, they get together in a vast company of the delinquents, he drives the mailman,

4. Complete the fraternity of Hempfield Activity **"In the Jungle"**

IMAGERY ACTVITY

__**sight**__: trees butterflies (all colors) ants vines fireflies parrots tarantula green huge river snakes brown red blue yellow

__**sound**__: flapping of wings children singing recorder rushing/trickling water crickets cooking of rice bugs

__**feeling**__: cool drinks warm water ants crawling walking over sticks water getting warmer? sticky sweaty humid thick, smooth leaves

__**taste:**__ chicken fish rice onion drinks air

__**smell**__: musty sweet air chicken cooking of food onions river burning wood

by **Annie Dillard** pg. 243

PURPOSE: To inform you of the Amazon Basin.


 * Reading Check:**

1. Where is the village of Pompeya located? Ecuador, in the jungle, by the Napo River

2. How does Annie Dillard make friends with the village children? She lets the little kids braid her hair, and in return, they teach her Spanish.

3. What activities make up the day to day life of the natives who live close to the water? They canoe, fish, play soccer with a volleyball, build shelter, bathe twice a day.

4. What types of wildlife does Dillard see on her canoe trip around the lake? Koalas, Ibese, Parrots, Anacondas, Trees, Plants, Fish, Birds

5. Which songs become a way for the children of the village and the Americans to communicate? "Nearer My God to Thee" and "Old McDonald"

6. At the end of the first paragraph, the author asks a question that guides us towards the main idea of the essay. In your own words, tell what the question means. Then, how is the question answered by the last paragraph in the essay? "Is the Amazon Basin out of the way?" No, it is "in the way" of everything good.

7. Complete the imagery activity with Mrs. DeMaria.

by **Plato** pg. 285
 * "The Death of Socrates"**

1. What inferences can you make about Socrates from his first statement? He thinks that the women cry a lot more than the men. He was trying to be polite to the women while bathing himself while he can rather than being dirty when he dies. He cares about the people around him.

2. Why does Socrates say that his funeral should not seem sad or a “dreadful” event? He says that he will depart with heavenly happiness. He lived a good life and affected other people. "When someone dies, and you go to their funeral, and you look at them, what is left of that person? What leaves you when you die?" All that is left is his body, he is "not there anymore"

3. How does the prison officer contrast Socrates with previous prisoners condemned to death? The other people would curse out the prison officer when he had to go about his duty. Socrates treated the guard like a friend, and with respect and kindness. "Don't shoot the messenger"

4. What is the narrator’s explanation for his tears when Socrates drinks the poison, and what does it reveal about him? For his own calamity because of losing such a friend. It shows that the narrator is more sensitive than Socrates, or not as strong as him.

Define: Socratic Irony / Socratic Method- repeatedly asking questions leading the student to an answer

Platonic / Platonism- a strictly spiritual connection

What is a platonic relationship? Usually with a member of the opposite sex, a non-physical relationship. by **Mark Twain** pg. 316
 * **"A Genuine Mexican Plug"** ||

Plug: A worn out or inferior horse.


 * Reading Check:**

1. How did Twain come to buy the Genuine Mexican Plug? An auction that he got over excited about.

2. What did the Mexican Plug do when Twain mounted him? Bucked a lot.

3. What happened each time the horse was borrowed? They would have to walk the horse back.

4. How does Twain try to make good his loss? He tries to sell the horse (didn't work); Give it away (doesn't work again); He lends it out to people (still doesn't work).

5. Which of the plans for getting rid of the horse finally worked? He gives it to an Arkansas idiot. //Irony Activity// //Whip Around Activity//

by **Malcolm X with Alex Haley** pg. 322

A **paradox** is a statement that seems to contradict itself. Despite being imprisoned, Malcolm X felt that learning to read had freed him. Explain what he means by this paradox.
 * Passing time
 * Opening eyes to knowledge
 * Gaining more than on street

1. What first motivated Malcolm X’s desire to learn?
 * Jealous of Bimbi's knowledge
 * Envy drives desire (good things)

2. Before Malcolm X started studying his dictionary, what were his reading experiences like?
 * Frustrating to him

3. Describe the process he went through to learn to read.
 * wrote every word in dictionary
 * read the words
 * went back to study them
 * remembered =]

4. How would you describe Malcolm X and the way he taught himself to read and write?
 * Determined
 * Persistent
 * Patient
 * Self-motivated
 * Dedicated

5. After he learned to read, what was Malcolm X’s attitude about books? » //Whip Around Activity!//
 * Opened a "new world"

Choose 1 Sentence you think adds to the overall meaning of the story. Choose 1 Phrase … Choose 1 Word…

» Malcolm Cause and Effect Activity